Beginning from what chapter is takbir uttered while reading the Quran? What is the wisdom behind it? After what incident did the Prophet utter takbir while reading a chapter?

Dear Brother / Sister,

It is Sunnah to utter takbir at the end of the chapter of ad-Duha and every chapter after that up to the end of the Quran. It was reported from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and has been practiced since then. It was reported through Ibn Kathir, who is one of the seven imams of qira’ah. Abu Hasan Bazzi, who narrated it, stated the following:  

I recited before Ikrima b. Sulayman. He said, “I recited before Ismail b. Abdullah b. Qustantin. When I came to Wad-Duha, he said, ‘Utter takbir at the end of each chapter up to the end of the Quran. For, I recited before Abdullah b. Kathir. When I came to Wad-Duha, he said, ‘Utter takbir up to the end of the Quran.’ Abdullah b. Kathir told me that he recited before Mujahid, that he ordered him to do so, that Ibn Abbas ordered him to do so, that Ubayy b. Ka'b ordered him to do so and that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) ordered him to do so.”

Hakim and Ibn Marduya, Bayhaqi in "Shuab" and qira’ah books determined it and reported it stating that it was sound. After including this narration in his tafsir called "Gharaibul-Qur'an", Nisaburi states the following:

According to what is reported from Imam Shafii, he holds the view that it is sunnah to utter takbir at the end of the chapter of ad-Duha and every chapter after that up to the end of the Quran. The same thing is also reported from Qunbul. The reason for this is as follows: When revelation ceased for a while and when this chapter was sent down after that, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said "Allahu Akbar" by approving it. (Elmalılı M.Hamdi YAZIR, Kur'an-ı Kerim Tefsir, the interpretation of the chapter of ad-Duha)

The Prophet became sorrowful when revelation ceased for a while in the first years of the prophethood. He became even more sorrowful when the polytheists said he had been abandoned by his Lord. When the chapter of ad-Duha was sent down stating that something like that was not in question, he uttered “Allahu akbar” out of joy. Therefore, it is Sunnah to say “Allahu akbar” once at the end of every chapter from ad-Duha to the last chapter of the Quran.

Therefore, during the prayer for khatm al-Quran, takbirs are uttered at the end of the chapters after the chapter of ad-Duha, especially the chapters of al-Ikhlas, al-Falaq and an-Nas.

According to another narration, the Prophet (pbuh) himself advised it. Ubayy bin Ka'b recited the short chapters of the Quran in the presence of the Prophet. The Prophet (pbuh) told him to utter takbir at the end of every chapter. Hz. Abu Bakr regarded it nice to utter takbir at the end of every chapter after the chapter of ad-Duha. (Hakim, al-Mustadrak, III/304.)

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