FAQ in the category of Jinn

It is believed in Jihns in Christianity. It is even believed that humans are possessed by jihns and they have different effects on them. Because of that, it has been given importance of letting the humans free from jihns impressions, and has been set out some ceremonies of casting out jihns (Exorcism) in churches. This point takes up too much place in the Bibles and in the Letters of Saint Paul. It is so obvious that Hazrath Jesus curing the mentally ill and jihn possessed people by the divine miracle has a great role in this. In the letter of James it is predicated that jihns accepted Gods existence and His being One.

Thou believest that there is one God; thou doest well: the Jihns also believe, and tremble. But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith without works is dead? (Pastoral Epistles, James Letter, 2:19, 20)

These statements prove Christians in those ages were to believe that jihns are responsible with the commands and prohibitions of Allah (swt). Moreover, according to Christians, Jesus cast out jihs from lunatics, insane, and epileptics and cured them as a sign of his prophecy. (Matthew, 4:24; 9:32-34; 17:14-20)

Christianity forbids worshipping to Jihns. Saint Paul says, But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to Jihns, and not to God: and I would not that ye should have fellowship with Jihns. (1 Corinthians, 10:20)

There appears that Christians have negative conceptions on jihns when the sources are their holy scriptures. To them, Jihns are impure, they invite people to perversity, to disbelief, and to depravity, and they fit for going to Hell. Unlike the Islamic view, they consider jihns as one group, and that is unbelievers. On the contrary, it is mentioned that there are jihns who believe in Jesus and who sustain people to believe in him.

Marriages between jinn and men based on the consent and acceptance of the both parties and a contract do not take place. The rumors about marriages between them are not marriages that are based on consent and contracts but in the form of molestation and rape.

To accept that there exist rape and sexual closeness between them cannot prove that marriage between them is legitimate. Otherwise, a woman who gives birth to an illegitimate child may say, “I am married to a jinni; the child’s father is a jinni”, and try to get away with it. Islamic law does not accept a claim like that as acceptable and does not regard the owner of that claim excusable. (Mehmed Emre, Cinlerle İnsanlar Arasında Evlilik)

Another issue that causes hesitation and misunderstanding in the society is marriage with jinn. In terms of creed, there is nothing like that in the Quran or in hadiths.

It is not permissible for man to marry an animal because they are of different species; it is not permissible to marry a jinni, either. (al-Fatawa'l-Hadisiyya. 167; Halil GÜNENÇ, Günümüz Meselelerine Fetvalar II. 111)

Man consists of the condensation of cells and molecules; a jinni consists of a current of energy in the form of ray. It is impossible for men and jinn that are in different dimensions and have different nature to come together physiologically and biologically and to get married. Jinn can give men only feelings and desires; they can arouse the sexual feelings of men; they can activate the centers of lust in the human brain through magnetic currents.

It is not permissible to kiss jinn since they are conscious beings.

No marriage takes place between men and jinn because one of the necessities of marriage is being together. However, it is not possible for men and jinn to be together. There are no common points between them in terms of eating, drinking and housing; so, they cannot be in harmony. Then, since there cannot be harmony and living together, there is no use in their marriage. Therefore, there is no marriage contract between them. If their marriage were deemed legitimate, the women who became pregnant due to fornication would claim that male jinn made them pregnant, causing the spread of mischief in the world. In order to eliminate that mischief, it is necessary that marriage with jinn be illegitimate.  (M. Vehbi, 15, 6176)

The issue of marriage between jinn and men are reported from Israelite traditions, wrong religions and superstitions. When stories are transmitted from generation to generation and ear to ear, they undergo changes and become superstitions.

Schizophrenia, which is an illness related to the brain, has many forms. Hallucination is often observed in schizophrenia. A jinni that makes itself visible to a schizophrenic person in the form of hallucination can convince that person that they are married. It may seem in the form of a naked person and increase man’s lust, making him/her see an imagination of marriage. A person can be junub as if he is having a wet dream. The jinni warns the brain of the person magnetically and sends currents to the center of lust in the brain. The person who is ill in brain thinks that it is true and says, “I am married to a jinni” everywhere. Truth and imagination become intermingled.

If the jinni that molests a person and shows him/her imagination convinces that person that his/her children belong to it, that person will claim that the children are from the jinni. However, there is nothing like that in the material world; it is only a vision. The person who says he contacts a jinni cannot realize that it is a vision. That person may ejaculate just like the people who have wet dreams. When he/she tells others about it, he/she is either sent to a psychiatry clinic because he/she is mad or people who think that it is true believes him/her.

Jinn are creatures with mind and consciousness like human beings. However, we do not know how they are; there is no doubt about their existence because the Quran informs us about their existence, belief and unbelief using an expression that cannot be interpreted differently. It is a reality; it is regarded unbelief to deny their existence.

In the Quran, there are some signs about jinn and devils that they can be taken under control be used as servants. The best example for it is Hazrat Sulaiman (Solomon) (pbuh) about whom a story is told in the Quran. Islamic scholars had various explanations about the issue.

The following is stated about the issue in Risale-i Nur Collection, 20th word in summary:
The verses saying that Solomon (pbuh) took the control of wicked souls prevented their wickedness and made them do good deeds: Then we subjected the wind to his power, it made his command to run gently wherever he desired, and the Satans, every builder and diver, and others linked together in chains. And we had subjected to him many of the Satans who dived into the seas for him, and performed other tasks besides, and we kept watch over all of them. It means the jinn, the most conscious resident of the Earth after human beings, can be servants for human beings. We can have contact with them. Devils can be obliged to give up enmity and serve. God Almighty made them serve his slave (Solomon), who obeys Gods commands

Abdullah Qadir says the following about the issue:

Having contact with jinn has some ways and requires a guide and being an expert. If ways, principles and guides are not used, there will be risks of getting into trouble. If those people are unaware about the spiritual world and do not know where to stand, they may be attacked by wicked souls; they can get under the control of them and turn out to be toys in their hands. The jinn sometimes lead those people into pride and arrogance and sometimes try to scare and threaten them and make them talk on their behalf and make them serve for themselves. In the 20th century, Gulam Ahmad Qadiyani became a victim of those wicked jinn. He wanted to struggle for Islam in the way of Fakirism against Yogizm but was attacked by wicked souls and became one of their toys. Wicked souls, at first, made him accept that he is a mujaddid and then Mahdi and later made him believe that he was Jesus. In the end, he said God got into my body, was seen in my body. Wicked souls can easily have contact with wicked people and can cause them to go crazy. (1)

So, we can understand that such events can happen and jinn can be contacted by experts and they can be made do something, but it is extremely dangerous to regard it as fun and become busy with it without having enough knowledge.

(1) S. Nur, p. 152

Strike of jinn is a widespread concept in the society. Almost everyone can tell a story about this, and this is valid for almost all the societies.

Strike of jinn is a widespread concept in the society. Almost everyone can tell a story about this, and this is valid for almost all the societies. Shibli says that Sunni Islam scholars including Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari believe that jinns can harm a human by entering his body, and says that they explain this in their articles showing the verse in the surah (chapter) of Baqara (The Cow) which informs us about the situation of the people who take interest, as a proof for this: “Those who devour usury will not stand except as stand one whom the Satan by his touch Hath driven to madness”. (1) When Ahmad Ibn Hanbal’s son Abdullah asked him “Some people say that jinns can’t enter the human body. What do you think about this?” he replied “They lie”. (2) Abdullah Qadir (an Islamic scholar of our century) says about “on what conditions jinns can harm humans”: “Jinns can affect humans and attract them in different ways mostly when they are in a state of junub (ritually impure due to sexual intercourse or semen discharge), haid (menstruation) or nifas (the bleeding after childbirth). Also every sin is like a door for them. Especially sensitive people, spiritually ill ones, free and easy ones living far from prayer and the atmosphere of the praying people are affected by the jinns easily. Of course violation of the jinns’ life borders or rights and occupying their homes or places without the word of Basmala (Bismi-llahi ar-rahmani ar-rahimi / In the name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful) are other important reasons for being harmed by them too. Therefore our prophet Hz. Muhammad (pbuh) teaches us to pray when we are entering to dirty places and prohibits us to perform salah in places like garbage dumps, baths, toilets, pastures and graveyards. He teaches us to pray like “Allahumma inni auzu bika min’al-hobsi wa’l-habais / My Allah, I take refugee in you from all the filths and the evils” when we are entering toilets (note: in old times generally toilets were not integrated into the homes and were standalone units in a garden). He wants us to be in clean places which can be a fortress to be protected from this kind of evils, to be with clean people, to construct an atmosphere of prayers and to protect ourselves with the worships. So, the one who wants to protect himself from all the evils of the jinns must stay away far from the sins firstly thus closing the holes which let them in.” (3) (1) Shibli, Mystery of the Jinns, p. 258. (2) Shibli, mentioned book, p. 256-257. (3) Şahin, İnancın Gölgesinde (In the shadow of the belief), p. 153-154.

We are face to face with a creature that we know nothing about. In that case, we are supposed to take refuge in Allah, who created both humanity and them, so that we are protected from their wickedness and from the harm they can give. There is one way for it: prayer and supplication. Since prayers that should normally be a part of our lives will make us close to Allah, demons and jinn will not be able to disturb us. They also have groups, communities and organizations. Because their good ones will benefit from our prayers, they will also struggle against wicked ones and will try to prevent them and even fight and punish them. Therefore, prayer and supplication are very important for protection from jinn and devils.

If a person is on wudu (ablution) in his daily life, he will be protected from them; if he performs daily prayers and reads other prayers, he will be guaranteed for protection. The following is reported from the Prophet (by Haris al-Ash'ari ): “God demanded you to mention Allah’s names (dhikr). Its example is a man followed by an enemy. That man gets into a safe stronghold and protects himself from the enemy. The servant (man) is the same. He can protect himself from demon by dhikr (mentioning Allah’s names). (Tirmizi, Amthal, 3, (2867).) Now I want to show some examples of the prayers which the Prophet and his companions read.

Auzu – Basmala

The following is mentioned in the Quran about that: “If Satan tempts you, seek refuge in Allah” (41:36.) That is, say “Auzu billahi mina’sh-shaytani’r-rajim” (I seek refuge in Allah) from the accursed Satan) It is also recommended to take refuge in Allah with the verses in surah al-Muminoon “Rabbi auzu bika min hamazati’sh-Shayatin wa auzu bika Rabbi an yahdurun” It means; O Lord! I seek refuge in you from the evil suggestions of the Satans. And I seek refuge in you, O my Lord, from their presence. .”(23:97-98.)

While getting into the house

Another hadith reported from Jabir about Basmala points to the importance of saying basmala while getting into houses and before having a meal.” The Prophet said: “If a person says basmala, when he returns his house, gets into house and before the meal, Satan says to his friends ‘you cannot stay overnight here and there is no food for you’ However, if the person says it before getting in but does not say it before dinner, Satan says: ‘You can have dinner but it is impossible to stay overnight’ However, if the person does not say basmala while getting into the house and before eating, Satan says ‘You can have dinner and stay overnight here.” ( Muslim, Ashriba, 103, (2018); Abu Dawud, At'ima, 16, (3765).)

While getting out of the house

Saying basmala before getting into the house protects us from the wickedness of the Satan and keeps him away from the house. It is clear that a man needs to be protected in the street too. Saying auzu basmala is necessary for it. However, the Prophet was not contended with just auzu basmala and added some other prayers. In a hadith reported by Abu Hurayra, the Prophet says: “If anyone who goes out of his house says:”in the name of the Allah I seek refuge in Allah, He has the power”, he is replied: “Go ahead you are led to the right way and you are protected”. The Satan stays away from him.”(Tirmizi, Daawat, 34, (3422) Surah Al-Baqara: ayatul-kursi and amanar-rasulu In a hadith reported by Abu Hurayra, The Prophet says: ”do not turn your houses into graves, The Satan runs away from the house in which surah al-Baqara is read” (Muslim, Misafirin, 212, (780) In another hadith it is told that those two verses are “Amana’r-rasulu, the last two verses of surah al-Baqara.(Tirmizi, Sawabu’l-Qur’an, 4/2882)

In bed, before sleeping

There are several prayers that the Prophet read in bed before sleeping. In a hadith about the issue reported by Burayda, the Prophet says: “O the Lord of the seven Heavens and those shadowed by Heavens, the Lord of the Earths and those that live on them, the Lord of the demons and those tempted by demons! Protect me from the wickedness of all those creatures. Protect me so that none of them can attack me suddenly. One who is protected by you surely becomes great. Your praise is great, there is no God but you and you are the only God (Tirmizi, Daawat, 96, (3518).)

When scared in the sleep

According to a report from Imam Malik, Khalid Ibnu Walid asked the Prophet: “I get scared in my sleep (what do you suggest me to do?). The Prophet advised to him to pray like this: “I seek refuge in Allah from the wrath and anger of Him, from the wickedness of people, from the suggestions and from the temptations of the demons” (Muwatta, Shi’r, 9, (2, 950).)

While getting into the toilet.

Toilets, dumps, baths, cemeteries, ruins are places frequently haunted by jinn and demons. The Prophet would read this prayer while getting into the toilet: “Allahumma inni auzu bika mina'l khubthi ve'l-khabaith. (O Lord I seek refuge in you from filth and from wicked creatures (like jinn and demon). (Bukhari, Wudu, 9

Takbir, tasbih, tahmid Tasbihat (glorifications)

Following daily prayers can be done in a mosque or in any place where we perform prayer and can also be done while walking in the street, while driving, in the bed before sleeping. The following is mentioned about the issue in the Quran; “Those who remember Allah, standing, sitting and lying down on their sides and meditate upon the creation of the heavens and the earth." (Aal-e-Imran, 3/191.)

Tasbihat should never be abandoned and should be done wherever we are. The Prophet says that the Satan makes people remember their daily works and make them perform the prayer quickly and haphazardly and make them go straight to their work or fall asleep without doing tasbihat.

La ilaha illallahu wahdahu la-sharika lah,

It is one of prayer tasbihat in the level of supplication. The Prophet said in a hadith reported by Abu Hurayra “A person who says the prayer: ‘La ilaha illallahu wahdahu la-sharika lah, lahu'l mulku wa lahu'l-hamdu wa huwa ala kulli shay'in qadir’ one hundred times a day gains the reward of setting ten slaves and gains one hundred good deeds and one hundred sins of hisher are erased. It also protects himher from the Satan for three days until evening. (Bukhari, Daawat, 54)

Surah al-Ikhlas against suggestions of the Satan

In a hadith, a suggestion of the Satan is mentioned and it is advised to read surah al-Ikhlas and spit three times towards the left side.

Muawwizatayn (Surahs an-Nas and al-Falaq)

It is said that The Prophet read surahs al-Falaq and an-Nas and advised his companions and his wife Aisha to read them in order to be protected from the wickedness of jinn.

A hadith reported by Hazrat Aisha is as follows: “When the Prophet got into his bed blew into his hands and read Muawwizatayn and al-Ikhlas and rubbed his hands his face and his body with his hands and repeated that three times. When he got, sick he demanded me to do the same thing to him.” (Bukhari, Fazailu'l-Qur'an, 14)

There are signs both in the Quran and hadiths that spirit beings can be take the forms of men or animals, that is, they can be seen by human beings. For instance, the fact that Hazrat Gabriel (Jibril) became visible to Hazrat Mary (Maryam) in the form of a decent man is an indication of it. Moreover, Gabriel became apparent to our Prophet both in its original form and in the shape of Dihyatul-Kalbi, who was one of the Prophets companions. The Angel was not only seen by the Holy Prophet but also by his companions. This hadith is very sound and won renown as The Gabriel Hadith.

In the Islamic sources, there are some views that Azrael, Gabriel and some other angels and jinn can, with the permission of Allah, be visible to people in different forms. We want to mention some of those views:

Both the verses that Hadrath Solomon subjugated the jinn to himself which is pointing out to the fact that the spirit beings can take other forms and become visible to us, and some other verses like then We sent her Our angel, and he appeared before her as a man in all respects all indicate to becoming apparent of the spirit beings and their being subjugated to us. But the attracting of good spirits alluded to here, is not in the manner of 'the cultured', to be disrespectful to spirits in that most utterly serious world and attract them to their own places and to certain playthings, but like one group of the saints like Muhyiddin al-Arabi, who, most seriously and for a serious purpose, met with spirits when they wanted, it is to be attracted to them and to form a relation, and by going to their place and to a degree drawing close to their world, to benefit from their spirituality. It is this that the verses allude to, and within the allusion, make it understood that they are encouraging towards it. And they trace the furthest limit of hidden arts and sciences of this sort, and show them in the best form.

As is understood from some verses and sound hadiths, it seems possible for angels, jinn and some other spirit beings to take the form of. human beings. After all, Virgin Mary, who saw Gabriel in its normal outward appearance, was not a prophet. The question, then, comes to our minds why cannot the rest of the people see them considering that she saw those beings?. It is known that some people from the tribe and ummah of Prophet Solomon (pbuh) saw a demon from the jinn and that those jinn worked for Hazrat Solomon in buildings and hunted treasure under the sea and served him for some other purposes in their own forms. Some of our Holy Prophets companions primarily Ibn Masud, Abu Hurayra and Abu Eyyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with them) said they saw the jinn in different shapes and upon this our Prophet described some of them as Satan and the others as jinn. Since unbeliever jinn are called Satan, the observed being was also one of the jinn. Thus, depending on some hadtihs regarding the issue, some of the Islamic scholars came to the conclusion that the Satan and jinn can disguise themselves as other figures and they can also be seen in their own forms. In order to bring evidence to this, they showed the case in which our Prophet overcame the Satan attacking him during the prayer, his choking it and the verse A stalwart of the Jinn said: "I will bring it to thee before thou rise from thy council: indeed I have full strength for the purpose, and may be trusted." The Ants (An-Naml) (39). (5)

Some other Islamic scholars warned us and drew the attention to the drawbacks of accepting it on the grounds that angels, jinn and devils are not capable of changing their dispositions and taking other forms apart from their own shapes. For example, Ar-Razi syas that accepting the notion that jinn can take other forms and disguise themselves as humans can bring about distrust among the people and may lead to the suspicion for some people that their mothers, fathers, friends, wives and daughters might be jinn. (6) In addition, Ar-Razi states that they cannot take the shapes of prophets because, otherwise, religion and Islamic law cannot be credited at all. He also states that they are unable to disguise themselves as scholars and devotees of Islam since, if the case were otherwise, killing them, tearing their works into pieces would be a must for Muslims.(7). Abu Yala al-Farra said that jinn, devils, and angels cannot change their original forms and cannot disguise themselves as other beings except with the permission of Allah. (8)

(1) an-Najm, 52/6-14; Karş. Yazır, Hak Dini, I,
(2) Bukhari, Fadailul-Quran, 1;
(3) Comp. Sâd, 38/38; Anbiya, 21/82; Naml, 27/40.
(4) Sözler (Words), (20), 235.
(5) Ayni, Umdatul-Qari, VII, 102.
(6) Razi, Mafatihul-Ghayb, XIV, 54.
(7) Razi, ibid., XXVI, 208.
(8) al-Farra, al-Mutamad fi Usulid-Din, p. 174-175;

According to Islam, jinn are beings with consciousness, reasoning and free will. Therefore, they are responsible to believe in Allah, adhere to His commands and worship Him. It is made clear in Chapter al-Jinn and other verses in the holy Quran.

The jinn were addressed by both our holy Prophet and Hazrat Moses and other prophets, listened to their messages, and some of them believed in Allah and some negated Him.

The following is stated in a hadith in Muslim : "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, `There is not one of you who does not have a jinn or angel appointed to be his constant companion. According to another hadith related by Jabir, our Prophet said: Do not pay a visit to the women whose husbands are not with them because the devil moves inside your veins just as your blood does.

Thereupon, the companions asked him you too, O Messenger of Allah?. He said, Me too, but Allah has helped me and the devil has submitted to me (became a Muslim). The phrase became a Muslim given in brackets in the hadith is another meaning that is preferred. However hadith scholars say that it is out of the question for the devil to become a Muslim and add that it is better to use the phrase submit. The problem will be settled if we think that the jinn mentioned here is an unbeliever one. As a matter of fact, the unbeliever jinn are called devils.

How they reproduce and their life span?

There are male and female jinn, they get married and reproduce as we do; they eat, drink and die. Their life span however, is far greater than ours. They are said to live between 1000 and 1500 years. It is because they live in a different dimension. The flow of time is different there. Therefore, it is quite obvious that the news received by means of jinn are not unseen knowledge but based on their age and experience.

Their state in terms of faith and unbelief

There are unbelievers, believers and hypocrites (munafiqs) among jinn; the unbeliever jinn are called Satan. The jinn are also subject to trial and testing in this world and will be held responsible for their acts in the hereafter; they will go either to Hell or to Paradise. Those having faith in Allah and doing good deeds will be rewarded with Paradise, and those negating Him, and not seeking repentance from Him will be punished with hell just like us. After all, in the Quran the following is stated:

Many are the Jinn and men we have made for Hell: They have hearts wherewith they understand not, eyes wherewith they see not, and ears wherewith they hear not. They are like cattle,- nay more misguided: for they are heedless (of warning). (7:179; 72:5)

The decree of denying the jinn

As their existences are made clear through the Quran and the practices of our Prophet, not affirming their existence is regarded as negation.

Today, plenty of things not discovered in the past have been proven through science. The fact that people are unable to see them cannot be evidence for their non-existence because people are incapable of seeing not only the jinn but also many other things. Man is rather limited in seeing, hearing, and understanding. Moreover, considering that we can see merely five out of million things, that we cannot see pain, suffering, love, hatred, fear, mind, electricity, wind and so forth and that we believe in most of them, the invisibility of the jinn does not mean that they do not exist.

Their dwellings

It is understood that jinn are mostly found in ruins, and unclean places. As a matter of fact, our Prophet (pbuh) informed us that the garbage left at home is the place where they come together. Based on this statement, some scholars hold the opinion that our Prophet called our attention to the cleanness in Islam by the fact that, like invisible jinn, the unseen microbes which are fast to reproduce can cause some ailments. They say that some hadiths point out to some microbes by the use of the term jinn. Additionally, it is observed that there used to be a common opinion amongst our Prophets companions and their followers that the jinn would live inside the holes. A hadith relevant to this subject is as follows:

Abdullah b. Sarjis (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: the Messenger of Allah enjoined us from pissing into holes of insects. The commentators of the Quran asked Qatada why it was rendered reprehensible. Those places are said to be the homes of the jinn he replied. (5)


(1) Muslim, Munafiqin, 69.
(2) Tirmizi, Rada, 17/1172; A. H. Musnad, III, 309; Darimi, Sunan, II, 320, Riqaq, 66.
(3) Tirmizi, Rada, 17/1172; İ. Jawzi, Talbisu Iblis, p. 34.
(4) Abdurrazzaq, Musannaf, XI, 32.
(5) Abu Dawud, Taharah, 16, (29)

In some hadiths and in the Quran, it is mentioned that the Prophet saw the jinn and recited the Quran to them and had a dialogue with them (1)
Abu Hurayra narrates: The Prophet (pbuh) said: I saw a demon from the jinn at the night of Miraj (ascension). He was following me with a torch of fire in his hand. I saw him at my every glance. Gabriel (pbuh) said: I can teach you a prayer if you like; when you read it, his torch will fade away and he will fall down onto his mouth. The Prophet (pbuh) said okay. Gabriel (pbuh) said read this: I take refuge in Allah from wickedness descending from the sky and ascending to sky, the wickedness created on the earth and the wickedness coming out of the earth, from disorders of the day and night from troubles that arisen during the day and night for the sake of Allah and his perfect words. O Merciful! Except the things that bring goodness.(2)

In the Holy Koran, it is reported that a group of jinn came to the Prophet, listened to the Quran,believed in him,went back to their community and advised them to believe in God. (3)

(1) Bukhari, Salat 75, Amal fi's-Salat 10, Bad'ü'l Halk 11, Anbiya 40, Tafsir, Sad; Muslim, Masajid 39, (541)
(2) Imam Malik, Muwatta, Shir 10, (2, 950, 951).
(3) al-Ahkaf 46/29-32; Jinn, 72/1-2.

Terminologically it means that they are a type of spirit beings unperceivable to our five senses, having freewill and reasoning, being held responsible for complying with the Divine Orders; there are believers and unbelievers among them. ( TDV. İslam Ansiklopedisi, VIII, “Cin” Maddesi, s. 5.) At the same time, they can be defined as conscious energy. The most noticeable meaning of the word jinn is covered or hidden. It indicates that the jinn cannot be perceived through sense organs.

Terminologically it means that they are a type of spirit beings unperceivable to our five senses, having freewill and reasoning, being held responsible for complying with the Divine Orders; there are believers and unbelievers among them. ( TDV. İslam Ansiklopedisi, VIII, Cin Maddesi, s. 5.) At the same time, they can be defined as conscious energy.

The word Jinn is used as a basis for other words originating from this word. It is known that in pre-Islamic years Arabic people used to call the angels as jinn.

THE TRUE NATURE OF JINN

Though their true nature is still mysterious to us, it is stated, according to our sources, that they are made out of smokeless, scorching fire (the Quran 15:27 and 55:15). Regarding the issue, our prophet says the angels are created out of light, and the jinn out of scorching fire. (2)

Abdullah Qadir draws our attention to the phrase from the fire of scorching wind for jinn in the verse in Chapter al- Hijr.

Jinn means covered or veiled. The phrases such as rays from fire, fire burning brightly, or scorching fire are not enough to reveal their true nature. The morphological structure of human being is collected from the surface of the earth in the form of a protein mixture; similarly, the jinn share the common features of the fire on the grounds that they are created from the essence of fire. We still do not know whether it is a material like flame which is a composition of air-fire or air and fire, a particle or light of sun. It might be a mixture of all of those materials. Maybe they are particles of atom, or waves, or an ionic alloy coming from the subatomic realm; ether or anti-material beings. What forms the visible material beings are atoms also called as quanta, which are energy particles; and yet they are dissolved at 5000 centigrade degrees and become separate atoms. However, there are millions of heavenly bodies living at millions of centigrade degrees in the cosmos. That is to say, there exist beings like energy that are resistant to high fire in the heavens but they are different in that they have conscious and free will.
Yes, indeed, the jinn may have been created out of the ether. They may the creatures hidden inside the light waves displaying the things in various dimensions. We do not know what the terms the fire free of smoke and fire and white heat are. Man who was created out of clay assumes the present shape; then who knows out of what sort of a fire the jinn were created? (3)

(1) Rahman, 55/15; Araf, 7/11-12; Hijr, 15/27; Sad, 38/75-76.
(2) Muslim, Zuhd, 60.
(3) S. Nur, p. 145-146.

 “I have only created jinn and men, that they may serve Me.”(az-Zariyat, 51/56)

56. As for what the essence of the duty that needs to be remembered, I have only created jinns and men, that they may serve. This is the duty that needs to be remembered. The wisdom behind the creation of jinn and man is to know Allah, to serve and to worship Him. The time and deeds spent in order to do other things will be lost and the person who does so will deserve Hell torture. Some scholars interpreted the expression, "that they serve me..." as "that they know me…". Its meaning is: "They must know me as the Lord." Worshipping and serving are deeds that are done willingly; so, the fact that some people avoid it does not refute the fact that it is the perfect aim for man and jinn. It does not mean that what Allah wants does not happen, either, because regarding cases like that "wisdom is not considered in terms of individuals one by one but in terms of the species" as fiqh scholars put it. In short, its meaning is: "We created them so that they would be obliged to worship.” It does not mean: "We decreed that everybody be righteous slaves."

(Elmalılı Muhammed Hamdi YAZIR, Kuran'ı Kerim Tefsiri)

to see the answer click on the links given below

Can the jinns strike the humans?

How can jinns pass to our world? How long can a jinn passing to our world stay?

Shibli reports that jinn can enter the bodies of humans and give harm to them and some Ehli Sunnah scholars including Abul Hasan al-Ash’ari believe it and explain it in their articles and adduce the verse in which the situation of people devouring usury is explained;” Those who devour usury will not stand except as stands one whom the Evil One by his touch has driven to madness”. (1)When the son of Ahmad b. Hanbal, Abdullah asked his father: “some people say jinn cannot enter the bodies of humans. What do you say about it?” Ahmad b. Hanbal answered “they are liars” Possession by jinn is a common belief in the society. Everybody has something to tell about it. It is not special to our country; it is common in almost all countries.

Shibli reports that jinn can enter the bodies of humans and give harm to them and some Ehli Sunnah scholars including Abul Hasan al-Ashari believe it and explain it in their articles and adduce the verse in which the situation of people devouring usury is explained; Those who devour usury will not stand except as stands one whom the Evil One by his touch has driven to madness. (1)When the son of Ahmad b. Hanbal, Abdullah asked his father: some people say jinn cannot enter the bodies of humans. What do you say about it? Ahmad b. Hanbal answered they are liars (2)


Abdullah Qadir says the conditions in which jinn can give harm to human beings are as follows:

Jinn pester believers (Muslims) mostly when they are junub (unclean) and in menstruation and pester people who are unaware of Islamic life in the same situations in different ways and levels. A sin that is committed is a kind of a door or a window for devils and wicked jinn. Especially people who are sensitive, who have corrupted souls and who live away from prayer and the atmosphere of the prayer are easily affected by jinn. To violate their borders of life and not to observe their rights and to occupy their homes without saying basmala are important factors that make jinn give harm to men. So, the Prophet advises us to pray while entering into unclean places and forbids us from performing prayers near rubbish heaps, dumps, public baths, grassy places, and toilets and even in cemeteries. The Prophet advises us to say Allahumma inni auzu bika minal-khubthi wal-khabaith while getting into toilet and commands us to pray in every phase of our life and show up in clean surroundings which can be a shield or a stronghold protecting us from harmful arrows, to be with clean people, to live in an atmosphere of prayer and protect ourselves with worship.

So, those who want to be away from the wickedness of jinn must firstly keep themselves away from sins and block the holes through which they can get.

(1) Shibli, Cinlerin Esrarı, p. 258.
(2) Shibli, ibid, p. 256-257.

We do not know any rule about that. But, to pray, to wish benediction is good. Furthermore, we need to live a life convenient with Islam and take refuge in Allah. He is the best Protector.

For further information please have a look at the links given below.

How should we take refuge in Allah from the wickedness of jinn?

How can we take refuge in God?

What is the meaning of ‘Dua’ Supplication, and what wisdom does it have?

How and when should we supplicate? What are the most grateful supplications?

Could you give examples of supplications from Holy Qur’an?

How should be a believer’s supplication for other believers?

Why do we need to repeat our supplications?

Does supplication effect?

Is it religiously permissible to supplicate to God through an intermediary?

Some of the jinn are called demons. Raghib al-Isfahani said demon meant dirty and perverse.

Yazır says that it is used for people as it is used for jinn and says that it is pronounced as ifrit (demon) and nifrit. (1) Shibli, quoting from Abu Amr b. Abdulbarr, says; knowledgeable scholars mention jinn in various levels. When they talk about jinn in general they say jinni. When they mean those living with people, they say amir and they use ummar when they mean plural. (2) So, demon (ifrit) means the one who is in the highest level of wickedness and evil that is able, powerful, talented and uncontrollable. Since it is used for people, it is clarified as from the jinn in the Quran. (3)

In the Quran, the following is stated: A mighty one of the jinn said: I will fetch it to you before you rise from your place. I am strong enough and faithful. One who had the knowledge of the scripture said: I will fetch it to you in the twinkling of an eye. As soon as Solomon saw the throne set before him, said This is of the grace of my Lord that he may test me whether I am grateful or ungrateful; and whoever is grateful, he is grateful for only his own soul, and whoever is ungrateful, then surely my Lord is All sufficient and Bountiful.(27:39-40) Here it is shown what demons can do and that scholars who are knowledgeable about the science jalb(attraction, moving objects from long distances) can do some works faster than them. Interpreters are sure that the person doing it is one of the men of Solomon (pbuh). However, there are various narrations about who that person is. Ibn Masud said it is Hidr (pbuh) (4). Ibn Abbas says it is Asaf b. Barhiya, one of the viziers of Solomon (pbuh), who has a loyal and good personality. (5) Most of the interpreters agree on that name. It is also said that the distance is two months long. That man knew the prayer of Ism-i Azam which God always accepts prayers when it is read. Solomons vizier showed such an act as a miracle of Solomon.

Bediüzzaman says the following about the issue in his book Words:

One of Hazrat Sulaimans viziers,a scholar who had the knowledge of jalb, said in order to bring the throne of Belqis I can bring that throne in a time of blink. It shows that it is possible to bring things from long distances. It is true that God bestowed it on Solomon (pbuh) who was honored with both prophethood and kingdom in the form of a miracle to learn about his country and see how the people lived and to hear about their problems. It means if man relies on god Almighty and asks from Him with his language of aptitude as Solomon (pbuh) asked with his clean language and behaves in accordance with the rules, the world can be like a city for him. The throne appeared in Damascus when it was in Yemen. Surely, both men were seen and their voices were heard near the throne. So, it points transporting things and voices from distance very clearly.(7)

The issues that Bediüzzaman talked about have realized today. It is possible to broadcast by internet, radio or television, to have a live broadcast by smart cameras and give talks by multivision and cinevision, to broadcast by satellites and monitors connecting everywhere and to have the world under control. In plain words, the world has become globalized and all kinds of activity have become possible. The world has become close like different flats, floors and even rooms of an apartment. It is a miracle that the verse pointed to it; and the immortality and universality of the Quran has been proved.

(1) Yazır, Hak Dini, VI, 142.
(2) Shibli, Cinlerin Esrarı, p. 65.
(3) Yazır, Hak Dini, VI, 143.
(4) Alusi, Ruhul-Maani, X, 203.
(5) Suyuti, ad-Durrul-Mansur, VI, 360.
(6) Yazır, Hak Dini, VI; 144.
(7) Sözler, (Words) 20. Söz, (256-257).

Jinn have spirits just like us. They remain alive thanks to their spirits. The difference between them and us is that our spirit is related to a mass of molecules, a material body and their spirit is related an energy, a current. When man dies, the spirit leaves the body and is sent to the realm of barzakh. The body that consists of flesh and bones is put into the ground. After a while, the body decays, turning to soil. It goes from one state into another by changing its form and nature. However, the number of atoms in the universe does not change; and the balance of constant mass is not disturbed. When a jinni dies, its spirit goes to the realm of barzakh; its spiritless body, that is, its energy remains in the world as energy in some other nature.  

The most noticeable meaning of the word jinn is covered or hidden. It indicates that the jinn cannot be perceived through sense organs.

Terminologically it means that they are a type of spirit beings unperceivable to our five senses, having freewill and reasoning, being held responsible for complying with the Divine Orders; there are believers and unbelievers among them. ( TDV. İslam Ansiklopedisi, VIII, Cin Maddesi, s. 5.) At the same time, they can be defined as conscious energy.

The word Jinn is used as a basis for other words originating from this word. It is known that in pre-Islamic years Arabic people used to call the angels as jinn.

THE TRUE NATURE OF JINN

Though their true nature is still mysterious to us, it is stated, according to our sources, that they are made out of smokeless, scorching fire (the Quran 15:27 and 55:15). Regarding the issue, our prophet says the angels are created out of light, and the jinn out of scorching fire. (2)

Abdullah draws our attention to the phrase from the fire of scorching wind for jinn in the verse in Chapter al- Hijr.

Jinn means covered or veiled. The phrases such as rays from fire, fire burning brightly, or scorching fire are not enough to reveal their true nature. The morphological structure of human being is collected from the surface of the earth in the form of a protein mixture; similarly, the jinn share the common features of the fire on the grounds that they are created from the essence of fire. We still do not know whether it is a material like flame which is a composition of air-fire or air and fire, a particle or light of sun. It might be a mixture of all of those materials. Maybe they are particles of atom, or waves, or an ionic alloy coming from the subatomic realm; ether or anti-material beings. What forms the visible material beings are atoms also called as quanta, which are energy particles; and yet they are dissolved at 5000 centigrade degrees and become separate atoms. However, there are millions of heavenly bodies living at millions of centigrade degrees in the cosmos. That is to say, there exist beings like energy that are resistant to high fire in the heavens but they are different in that they have conscious and free will.
Yes, indeed, the jinn may have been created out of the ether. They may the creatures hidden inside the light waves displaying the things in various dimensions. We do not know what the terms the fire free of smoke and fire and white heat are. Man who was created out of clay assumes the present shape; then who knows out of what sort of a fire the jinn were created?

(1) Rahman, 55/15; Araf, 7/11-12; Hijr, 15/27; Sad, 38/75-76.
(2) Muslim, Zuhd, 60.

Does Jinn have spirits just like us?

We hear that there is an incident called “the burning of jinn, making jinn burn”. When some people visit some spirituals, exorcists, etc, they hear some statements like the following: “I made ……..(so many) jinn burn. So many jinn were burnt."

How can jinn who were created out of smokeless fire burn? Is this burning normal burning that we know; or is a physical and chemical operation in question?

What is obtained through experience and research is as follows:

Jinn are conscious and clever living beings like humans. However, man is superior to jinn in terms of mind and reasoning. Jinn have some superior aspects to man like speed, appearance and going to the past and returning. They also have spirits like us. They remain alive thanks to their spirits. The difference between them and us is the fact that our spirit is related to a mass of molecules and a material body; and jinn's spirit is related to energy and a current.

When man dies, the spirit leaves the body and goes to the realm of barzakh. The body consisting of flesh and bones is put into the ground. After a while, the body decays and becomes part of the ground. It changes form and is transformed into another state. However, the number of atoms and the balance of constant mass in the universe do not change. When a jinni dies, its spirit goes to the realm of barzakh; its spiritless body, that is, its energy, remains in the world as energy.  

When the people who naturally have magnetic current and energy in their bodies and whom we call "medium" encounter jinn, they can neutralize jinn based on the amount of the current and energy in their body. The neutralization of a jinni means its death.  

Jinn die either normally or through outside intervention by being neutralized. It is necessary to determine well whether this death originates from the prayers that are said or due to a law of physics.

Yes, the magnetic power in man sometimes kills and sometimes injures jinn. It depends on the state of the positive or negative current of that person at that time and the form and state of a jinni when it passes into the material realm from its own realm.

- Something like that is possible but we think that it has a slender chance.

- Today, many people deceive gullible people with claims like that in order to make money. We should not trust such people who want to make money. However, if they do not expect any financial income and if they have knowledge and taqwa (fear of Allah), they can be trusted.

- If there really exists something like that, it is necessary to act in accordance with the advice of the Prophet.

If a person is in wudu at all times, he will be partly protected from them ; and if he also performs daily prayers and supplicates, his protection will be sounder.

The Prophet is reported to have said the following according to a hadith narrated by Harith al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), “…Allah ordered you to mention (dhikr) the name of Allah. It is like the state of a man who is chased by a fast-running enemy. If that man enters a well-protected castle, he saves himself from the enemy. A person can protect himself from Satan only by dhikr (mentioning the names of Allah). (Tirmidhi, Amthal, 3, (2867).)

The following is stated in the Quran: “And if (at any time) an incitement to discord is made to thee by the Evil One, seek refuge in Allah.”(41:36.) That is, say, “Audhu billahi min ash shaytanir rajim: I take refuge in Allah from the accursed devil”. However, it is also appropriate to take refuge in Allah with the following verses from the chapter al-Muminun:

“Rabbi audhu bika min hamazati’sh-shayatin wa audhu bika Rabbi an yahdurun” That is, “And say: ‘O my Lord! I seek refuge with Thee from the suggestions of the Evil Ones; And I seek refuge with Thee O my Lord! lest they should come near me.’ ”(23:97-98.

It is stated that Hazrat Prophet (pbuh) recited the chapters of al-Falaq and an-Nas in order to be safe from the evils of jinn and that he advised his Companions and Hazrat Aisha to recite them.

A hadith reported by Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) is as follows: “Whenever Hazrat Prophet (pbuh) went to bed, he blew into his hands and recited the Muawwidhatayn (al-Falaq and an-Nas) and al-Ikhlas; then he rubbed his hands over his face and body; he would do it three times. He ordered me to do it to him when he was ill.”(Bukhari, Fadailu'l-Qur'an, 14)

Allah states the following about the creation of these two species in a verse regarding the issue:

“We created man from sounding clay, from mud molded into shape; And the Jinn race, We had created before, from the fire of a scorching wind.” (al-Hijr, 15/26-27)

As it is understood from the verse, Jaann (jinn, the ancestor of jinn) were created beforehuman beings. If it is considered that the creation ofhuman beings is the last ring of the creation of the universe, jinn were created as the second last ring. 

Man, who was sent as the vicegerent above all jinn and beings, is superior to jinn in terms of his nature, creation as well as his intelligence, intellect, memory, reasoning and worshipping. Some jinn who have not learned any lessons from a heavenly religion do not accept this superiority of man due to the lessons they have received from Satan and are jealous of man. 

Allah states the following in the Quran regarding the issue:

“We have indeed created man in the best of molds.” (at-Tin, 95/4)

Thus, He states that man is superior to not only jinn but also all beings.  

Jinn do not accept the superiority of human beings; in addition, they put human beings in difficult positions and do their best in order to make them need them. Those who do not know the nature and structure of jinn expect help from them. Spiritualists and healers make use of these gullible and ignorant people.

Those who do not know the nature, essence and structure of jinn sometimes overestimate them. They regard them and show them as beings that know everything, that can do everything, that are talented and that are superior to human beings. This is sheer delirium.

Who lived in the world before human beings?

It is understood from some expressions in the Quran that some beings that were held responsible like human beings were lived in the world before human beings. However, it is not possible to say something definite about what kind of beings they were. Badiuzzaman Said Nursi sates the following regarding the issue:

“I will create a vicegerent on earth.” (al-Baqara, 2/30) The word ‘vicegerent (khalifa)’ in the verse suggests that before conditions on the earth were readied for human life, there were intelligent creatures for whose lives, conditions during the earth’s early epochs were suitable. This view is in conformity with wisdom. The most widely held view is that these creatures were a species of jinn, but they spread corruption on the earth so were succeeded by mankind." (1)

Abdullah Aydemir, who gathered the views of hadith and fiqh scholars, states in his book called “Tefsirde İsrailiyyat” the following verse, which forms the basis for evidence about the views put forward regarding the issue, that tafsir scholars mention many things while interpreting this verse and that one of them is the information about the inhabitants of the earth before Hz. Adam:

“Behold, thy Lord said to the angels: "I will create a vicegerent on earth." They said: "Wilt Thou place therein one who will make mischief therein and shed blood?- whilst we do celebrate Thy praises and glorify Thy holy (name)?" He said: "I know what ye know not.".” 

Abdullah Ibn Umar states the following: 

“Jinn, who were called Sons of Jaann, were in the world two thousand years before the creation of Hz. Adam. Allah sent an army consisting of angels against them because they caused mischief and chaos in the world, shed blood and committed murders. These mischief-makers, who were punished by angels, saved their lives by taking refuge on the islands in the sea. Thereupon, God Almighty said to angels, “I will create a vicegerent on earth …” 

Ibn Abbas states the following: 

"Man was created out of mud. Jinn used to live in the world first. They shed blood on the earth and killed one another. Allah sent an army consisting of angels under the command of Iblis against them. Iblis and the angels under his command fought those jinn and drove them away to the islands in the sea and on mountains. After gaining this victory, Iblis felt conceited and boasted: “I have done something that nobody else has done.” Allah knew this conceit in the heart of Iblis. The angels that were with Iblis did not know about it. God Almighty said to the angels that were with Iblis, “I will create a vicegerent on earth.” Thereupon, the angels said, “Will You place therein one who will make mischief therein and shed blood like the jinn You ordered us to drive away?” (2)

Footnotes:

(1) İşaratü’l-İ'caz, p. 201.
(2) Tabari, Tafsir, I/195-214;Tarikh, I/1,107-112.

JINNI, JINN

To hide, to remain hidden, invisible secret (hidden) forces.

An individual of jinn is called a jinni. The word "jaann" is synonymous with jinn. Ghoul and ifrit are other types of jinn.

Before Islam, jinn were the "satyrs" and "nymphs" of the desert in Arabia. They represented the part of the natural life that were not dominated by human beings and that remained as enemies. However, during the allegiance of the Prophet (pbuh), jinn were among the important and unknown deities. Makkan Arabs say that there is a close kinship between jinn and Allah (as-Saffat, 37/158); they even elevated jinn to the level of Allah's partners (al-An'am, 6/128) and they asked help from them. (al-Jumua, 62/6)

The existence of jinn is definite by the Quran and the Sunnah. Living creatures do not consist of the human beings in this material world only and the animals whose varieties we do not know. There are also some beings that can be seen only by prophets and pure slaves of Allah; they are angels and jinn. They are created in a form that can take various shapes. Angels never disobey Allah. They live in the sky but descend to the earth upon the order of Allah and ascend to the sky again. Jinn live on the earth like human beings. There are believers and unbelievers among them. Since the existence of angels and jinn is definite by the Quran and the Sunnah, denying them will damage the Islamic creed.

Jinn are held responsible like human beings; prophets were sent to jinn too: "O ye assembly of Jinn and men! Came there not unto you apostles from amongst you, setting forth unto you My signs, and warning you of the meeting of this Day of yours?" (al-An'am, 6/130)

"And as for us, since we have listened to the Guidance, we have accepted it: and any who believes in his Lord has no fear, either of a short (account) or of any injustice." (al-Jinn, 72/13)

"Behold, We turned towards thee a company of Jinns (quietly) listening to the Qur'an: when they stood in the presence thereof, they said, "Listen in silence!" When the (reading) was finished, they returned to their people, to warn (them of their sins). They said, "O our people! We have heard a Book revealed after Moses, confirming what came before it: it guides (men) to the Truth and to a Straight Path. "O our people, hearken to the one who invites (you) to Allah, and believe in him: He will forgive you your faults, and deliver you from a Penalty Grievous. "If any does not hearken to the one who invites (us) to Allah, he cannot frustrate ((Allah)'s Plan) on earth, and no protectors can he have besides Allah. such men (wander) in manifest error." (al-Ahqaf, 46/29-32)

Hadith narrators hold different views whether the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saw jinn or not. According to the narration from Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud included in Muslim, the Prophet accepted the invitation of the jinn, saw them and guided them. According to the narration from Ibn Abbas included in Bukhari and Muslim, Hz. Prophet led the morning prayer in "Nahla" on the way to Uqaz Fair with his Companions; a group of jinn came and listened to the Quran; they became Muslims. God Almighty informed us about it in the first verses of the chapter of al-Jinn. (al-Jinn, 72/1-3)

Tafsir scholar Imam Qurtubi interprets these two narrations as follows: According to the narration of Ibn Abbas, Hz. Prophet did not see jinn in that incident; God Almighty informed him later that they listened to the Quran and became Muslims. However, the incident that Ibn Mas'ud narrates is different. As a matter of fact, Ibn Mas'ud said, "One night, we were with the Messenger of Allah. He suddenly disappeared. We looked for him in the valleys and on the mountains but we could not find him. We were very worried that night. In the morning, we saw him coming from the direction of Hira. We said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! We lost you. We looked for you but we could not find you. Therefore, we spent the whole night anxiously’ He said, ‘A jinni came to invite me. I went with him. I read the Quran to them.‘" (Qurtubi, al-Jami' li-Ahkamil-Qur'an, Beirut 1967, XIX, 2 ff.)

The jinn did not know the unseen. (Saba, 34/14) They cannot find out what Allah informed His prophets about: "Indeed they have been removed far from even (a chance of) hearing it." (ash-Shuara, 26/212)

Jinn were created before human beings. It is stated in the Quran that they were created from a poisonous fire:

"And the Jinn race, We had created before, from the fire of a scorching wind." (al-Hijr, 15/27)

There are male and female jinn. They get married, reproduce, eat and drink. There are old ones and young ones. They are also held responsible like human beings; they have to obey Allah's orders and prohibitions: "I have only created Jinn and men, that they may serve Me." (adh-Dhariyat, 51/56)

The nature of Jinn is suitable for taking different shapes and doing hard work. As a matter of fact, as it is stated in the Quran (an-Naml, 27/39), when Hz. Sulayman (Solomon) wanted the throne of Balqis to be brought from Yemen, a jinni said he would bring it before Hz. Sulayman got up from his throne and that he had the power to do it. Hz. Sulayman was in Jerusalem and the throne was in Yemen. To bring it in a second meant to have a big speed and power. Hz. Sulayman made the jinn do hard jobs: Which of you can bring me her throne before they come to me in submission?" Said an 'Ifrit, of the Jinn: "I will bring it to thee before thou rise from thy council: indeed I have full strength for the purpose, and may be trusted."  Said one who had knowledge of the Book: "I will bring it to thee within the twinkling of an eye!" Then when (Solomon) saw it placed firmly before him, he said: "This is by the Grace of my Lord."

"…And there were Jinn that worked in front of him, by the leave of his Lord, and if any of them turned aside from our command, We made him taste of the Penalty of the Blazing Fire." (Saba, 34/12)

Satan is also from jinn. Allah ordered him to prostrate before Hz. Adam but Satan did not prostrate stating that he was created out of fire and that Adam was created out of dust. Thereupon, Allah dismissed him from His mercy and Satan became an unbeliever. (al-Baqara, 2/24) The leader of Satan is called Iblis. Satan resorts to various ways in order to deceive human beings. It is necessary to avoid him:

"And to Solomon (We made) the Wind (obedient): Its early morning (stride) was a month's (journey), and its evening (stride) was a month's (journey); and We made a Font of molten brass to flow for him; and there were Jinn that worked in front of him, by the leave of his Lord, and if any of them turned aside from our command, We made him taste of the Penalty of the Blazing Fire?" (Yasin, 36/60)

"Verily Satan is an enemy to you: so treat him as an enemy." (Fatir, 35/6).

Hz. Prophet (pbuh) said,

"Allah made a jinni a friend for you each.” The Companions asked, "O Messenger of Allah! You too?" The Messenger of Allah said, "Yes. However, Allah helped me against him and he became a Muslim. He orders me only good deeds now." (at-Taj, V, 233)

It is understood from this hadith that Satan makes man go astray. According to Ahl as-Sunnah belief, Satan harms man’s body and mind.

Most philosophers, especially Ibn Sina and Farabi do not accept the existence of jinn but some of them do. They call jinn low souls. They claim that jinn respond faster than the heavenly spirits but that they are weaker.

On the other hand, the nations who believe in prophets and have certain shari'ahs accepted the existence of jinn without hesitation but they put forward different opinions about their nature. Some say they are aerial beings; that is, they were created from the wind and that they could take various forms. Some of them say they are essence and that they are not properties or matter. They divide these essences into some parts with various natures. Some of them are good, righteous and charitable. Others are bad, vile and evil. Only Allah knows their number.

Some madhhabs say jinn are material but that their nature are different and that their attributes are the same. Their attributes are as follows: they take up space, they are three dimensional, such as having length, width and depth. Jinn are divided into parts like subtle, lofty and low. It is not impossible for aerial, subtle things not to resemble other objects in terms of nature. Therefore, they have their own knowledge, they can do hard jobs that people cannot do and they can take various forms and shapes. This is because God Almighty gave them this power. Some madhhabs say that things are equal in terms of their nature and that body was not necessary for being alive. Imam Abul-Hasan al-Ash'ari and his followers hold this view.

On the other hand, Mu'tazila does not accept this view and the existence of jinn. They claim that body is necessary for being alive and that the body must be solid in order to able to do difficult things. This view has been rejected by the majority. For, those who hold this view deny extraordinary things and reject the things whose existence is definite by the Book and the Sunnah.

Jinn are also dealt with in two parts in terms of the religion of Islam: believers and unbelievers. Jinn are to believe in the Prophet (pbuh) like human beings. For, the Prophet was sent also to them. Therefore, the jinn who believe in him are included in the group of believers and enter Paradise with believers. Those who do not believe in him will be with devils and go to Hell.

Since jinn are held responsible for Islam, they must be informed about it and the religion of Islam must be conveyed to them. At this point, the contact of jinn with the Prophet is in question.

When jinn were not yet aware of the prophethood of Hz. Muhammad (pbuh), they used to ascend to the sky and listen secretly to what was spoken there. They used to add many things to what they heard and convey them to people. They had not known about the prophethood of Hz. Muhammad (pbuh) yet when they tried to hear things in the sky as they usually did on one occasion. However, this time, they encountered burning fires and violent guardians. They started to investigate the reason for this. They flocked to the earth. A group among them found the Prophet while praying in Nahla. They listened to the Quran; they were astonished by its beauty and perfection. It is stated that there were three to ten of them or nine of them.

Our Prophet (pbuh) taught them Islam (Muslim, 1, 332, Kitabus-Salat, hadith no: 150-153, Abu Dawud, 1, 10, hadith no: 39). It should be reminded immediately that jinn re creatures that are totally opposite to us. Only Allah and His Messenger know how they are held responsible for Islam. We only need to believe it.

Şâmil İA

Man, who was sent to the world as superior to all beings and as a vicegerent, is superior to jinn in terms of his nature, intelligence, mind, memory, reasoning and worshipping. Some jinn who do not learn from the heavenly religions but learn from Satan do not accept this superiority and are jealous of man.

Allah Almighty states the following regarding the issue in the Quran:

“We have indeed created man in the best of moulds.”(at-Tin, 95/4)

Thus, He states that man is superior to not only jinn but also all of the beings.

Jinn do not accept the superiority of man; they put man in difficulty and do their best so that man will be in need of them. Those who do not know about the nature and structure of jinn hope for their help. Spirituals and healers benefit from these gullible people and their ignorance. 

The people who do not know about the nature and structure of jinn sometimes overestimate jinn. That is, they see jinn as creatures that know everything, that have power over everything and that have great talents and as superior to man. This is sheer delusion.

People are interested in topics that they cannot understand. We wondered how big the earth we live on was and what would happen if we went to the end of it. Those days, the fastest vehicle that we could invent was the sailing boat. Without rising and taking photographs, humanity could find out that the world was round by pushing the limits of these sailing boats all the way through, with the reinforcement of courage.

The aliens of those days on the land that had just been discovered were natives and animals. Although we lived in the same world, every new culture and tribe developed different tools and languages. For instance, Australians had invented a tool called boomerang for hunting while Asian people used bow and arrow in the world in which aerodynamic properties and gravitation were the same. Lots of different lifestyles in different places of the world show that there is no limit for human mind and imagination.

Those unlimited dreams of us arouse curiosity in us. Nowadays, dreams of science world are focused on searching for extraterrestrial smart life. It will be really the most important news the world has experienced so far if some people say someday that they communicate with living creatures from other planets.

People are divided into two parts on that matter. Some say that it will be possible to communicate with extraterrestrial smart creatures while others say that even if there are extraterrestrial smart creatures, communication with them is not possible because of the distance. Moreover, there is a matter of debate about those kinds of creatures’ visiting the world on and on. The issue of UFO (Unidentified Flying Objects) have been preoccupying people for years. To figure out what extent it is possible, let us see the walls separating us from possible aliens and let us investigate the data together.

This issue, that is, the issue UFO and extraterrestrial smart life, is quite large but it needs investigating in terms of limiting factors. For example, the issue can be reduced to the level that almost everybody can understand when investigated in social and physical aspects. First of all, I would say that UFO means “Unidentified Flying Object” contrary to the thought that it means a spaceship. For, that word is the acronym of the phrase (Unidentified Flying Object) in English. So, that definition includes all the things that are flying and unclear because of appearing a very short time and probably because of being seen from a distance. Even a balloon a kid has slipped through his fingers falls into the category of UFO if people that have seen it from a distance cannot get what it is because people that have seen it in the act of flying cannot determine what it is.

If we have a look at the physical size of claimed visits, we will be confronted by a number of formidable obstacles. Under normal conditions, we have to think that our alien friends that are able to visit us are from our galaxy and are relatively close to us. Since there is no other planet in our solar system containing smart life apart from the world we live in, it will be reasonable to start with one of the closest stars.

Up to now, we have not identified visually even another planet that is orbiting around a star other than the sun. We just doubt whether there is a planet around it, based on the little vibrations on the star due to some pull factors. It is not possible now to see a planet surrounding another star with a telescope or any other instrument because it is like the example I will give below:

We cannot see the firefly around the headlights of a car which is far away even if we can see the bright headlights when they are turned to us. The light of the firefly is not strong enough to reach a long distance; and headlights are too bright to make it invisible. The light of a planet is less than the light of a firefly near the headlight in the example when compared to a star. In other words, it is impossible now to identify neither whether the planet orbiting another star has appropriate conditions to live nor whether there is a planet over there.

If we suppose that those aliens have technology to overcome it, they need some other data to visit the inhabitants of a planet they saw – for example, whether there is intelligent life there or not. In order to identify it, the only data that indicate our presence are telecasts and radio broadcasts. The invention of the radio is still so recent. The first broadcast in the world has reached a maximum 80 light-year distance now. That is, a person living further away cannot notice our presence here.

All science world agree unanimously that there is no other way to understand our existence here other than by means of radio signals reaching space. In that case, we cannot expect probable visitors from a distance further than 80 light years. Moreover, that distance is valid providing that once they get the first pulse, they set off, come here in one second and arrive in the world nowadays. Even if it is regarded that the spaceships that we think they have travel at speed of light, we have to reduce the actual distance to 40 light years because it lasts about 80 light years to arrive here. (We need to regard that those visitors are in a 40 light-year distance, hear us in the 40^th year and travel for 40 years!) Furthermore, the distance will decrease more by reason of the fact that the first radio signals were only 30 years old in 1950s if it is considered the first and the most widespread UFO observations were in those years. So, it will be adequate to do some research on stars that are 15 light years away in order to search the claims about our alien visitors in those years when radio waves had just reached a 30 light-year distance, not 40.

The claims that magnificent monuments in ancient civilizations, for example, Ancient Egypt, Kampuchea-Anchor and Mexico, and sky-maps were taught or made by aliens are impossible because there was no broadcasting out in those years. For, there was no signal to attract these aliens that came to teach us in those days.

If we go back to the case of about 15 light-year distance, there are 50 stars in the global distances of the world’s 15 light-year radius. Proxima Centauri, the closest one of them, is at a distance of approximately 4,3 light years. Concorde, the current fastest airliner of the world, can cover that distance in 2.454.337 (two million four hundred fifty four thousand three hundred thirty seven) years. A space shuttle has to travel at very high speed, for at least 175.000 (one hundred seventy five thousand) years to arrive here. Let us set aside this hardness supposing that aliens have high-speed (about speed of light) space shifts and look at the other aspects of the topic. There are lots of drawbacks that reduce the possibility of having systems of planets containing life conditions of about 50 stars in light-year distance. A star needs some features to provide life conditions. It will be useful to have a look at the system of star classification.

Stars are examined in 7 categories. Every star is included in a category of, from bigger to smaller, (O, B, A, F, G, K, M) based on their size and brightness. For example, the sun is a star of category G. That is to say, it is a small yellow-white star below the average. Furthermore, every category is separated into 10 subcategories and 8 brightness categories. For example, the sun is classified as G2V, in other words, it is a yellow dwarf star, included in category G.

Since very big stars (especially O, B, A and to a large extent F categories) run out of their fuels too fast, they are in short supply and are not appropriate for life with their short life and unsteady state. The smallest and pallid stars (category M and smaller ones of category K) are again inadequate for containing life and system of planets. In that case, we need to have a look at category G stars, which are close to us, and partly category K stars. There are 3 stars which are included in that category and are 15 light years away and closer. These stars are two stars in Centauri system, which is 4,3 light years away and the star called Epsilon Eridani, which is 10 light years away. It is reckoned that the two stars in Alpha Centauri system form a three-star system that orbit around one another and share the systems, they cannot have a stable planet system as we have by reason of their gravity disequilibrium. Therefore, we have to eliminate the star called Alpha Centauri A, which is almost the same as the sun, and its neighbor. There remains only Epsilon Eridani. That star is quite a young star with its age of about 500 million years and it still needs a lot of time for comprise a stable planet system to form around it.

As is seen, there is no planet system containing life conditions around us -at least so close to us as to be able to be informed about us- even if they get to the top of their technological capabilities. There is no need to search further because it is too hard to believe in the existence of the creatures that will find us by chance thought they do not know we are here, among the stars and planets that are more than the sands in the seas.

Now, let us talk about the issue whether aliens visit our world or not socially and suppose that it really happened in spite of all physical obstacles, including the light-year walls that separate us, by accepting the existence of aliens. Almost 50 years passed after the first UFOs were seen. When we think that at least one of these thousands of observations was a real alien visit, a question comes to mind:

- If we had the spaceships and similar technology that aliens had and went to their planet covering tens of light year distance, would we communicate with these creatures officially with our wonderful equipment and knowledge

At least, would we not say “We have come and we live in such and such place”? I do not suppose that there is a person who will say, “No, we would stay for a couple of seconds in a city’s sky after covering such a big distance.” It is so interesting that people who take alien visits seriously believe that aliens build spaceships to visit other planets and cover such a big distance and turn back after coming here even without saying hello.

Personally, I find the claims that they do not want to frighten us or they want to wait for us to develop surprising. I respect claims about aliens regarding them as an opinion and an idea in spite of its apparent impossibility as long as they are not associated with materialistic and coincidental philosophy.

Personally, if the things that we seek are different lifestyles and different creatures, we should seek at dimensions that we could not pass into, not far away, maybe closer than our heart. All explanations about displays and stories that seem unbelievable are in our Book, in which all the secrets of the universe are written. If we seek all the truths about them or other intelligent creatures, this is the address: Verses 8-9, the chapter of Jinn.

“And we have sought (to reach) the heaven but found it filled with powerful guards and burning flames. And we used to sit therein in positions for hearing, but whoever listens now will find a burning flame lying in wait for him.”

(se Mehmet AKYÜREK, Duvarları Aş da Gel, Zafer Magazine, 2001/297)

It may be possible for jinn to know incidents related to the past. However, that information is not information about ghayb (the unseen/unknown). Since they have a long lifespan, the incidents that took place in the past may still be fresh in their memories because they saw it personally or learned from their friends.

Besides, since we are not aware of some events that took place in the recent past, the information they give us may give us the wrong impression that they know ghayb.

However, since they can travel everywhere like the wind, they may have seen and learned some of the issues that we could only learn after a while. Such information is not related to ghayb, but the things they have seen with their own eyes or learned from their friends who have seen them.

A person can find out who has stolen his stolen property by contacting jinn; it is possible. However, jinn can lie just like humans, even more.

Therefore, one should not rely very much on the information they provide regarding such important issues.

Besides, according to Islamic law, it is not permissible to act upon such information.

We do not know for how many centuries jinn have been living.

However, we know that they existed years before Hz. Adam/human beings were created.

for more information, please click on the link given below;

Were jinn created before human beings?

The first human being, Hazrat Adam (AS), and Iblis, that is, Satan who is a kind of Jinn were the addressees of Allah and they were defeated by their nafs (soul) and somehow disobeyed the order of Allah.

Satan became arrogant as he could not accept the fact that Allah created man superior to him, rebelled and became an unbeliever... (see al-Baqara 2/34)  

Though Adam (as), who was settled in Paradise with his wife by Allah, was warned about the delusions of Satan, who was an avowed enemy of him, he was defeated by his nafs (soul) and made something that he should not have done; he approached the forbidden tree. However, Hz. Adam repented and his repentance was accepted. Nevertheless, he was sent to the world from Paradise where he was going to be tested. (see al-Baqara 2/35-36)

There are believers and unbelievers among Jinn just like humans.

There are both jinn who like Satan demonized and humans who are like Satan.

We are not alone in this world; We share this place with believing and unbelieving Jinn, who are subjected to test and have nafs (soul) like us but who live in a different dimension.

Thus, not all human beings believe in the basics of Islam and become Muslim; some of them become unbelievers, the same thing is valid for jinn; humans and jinn are free in their choice, but they will definitely be held responsible for their choices.

While there are such clear and straight proofs that confirm the existence and oneness of Allah and show that Islam is the only true religion in the eye of Allah, it is really not possible to understand some humans and jinn who lack foresight and unable to see the truth.

In fact, we understand from the Qur’an that as they locked the doors of their eyes of hearts from the inside, the divine wisdom locked their doors from the outside and sealed them. The first action must come from them that is they must unlock the doors from the inside so that our Lord who, has infinite mercy, will pour the rain of guidance over them; otherwise, they will be drowned in their rampage by increasing their sins (al-Baqara 2/15)

If only they knew this!

There is no clear nass / verses or hadiths regarding the issue but according to the general principles of Islam, it is seen as a necessity of testing that the jinn were tested like human beings and that they were sent prophets before Hz. Adam.

“I have only created Jinn and men, that they may serve Me.” (adh-Dhariyat, 51/56)

For instance, the verse above shows that jinn are tested like human beings.

“But the Word from Me will come true, ‘I will fill Hell with Jinns and men all together.’” (as-Sajda,32/13)

The verse above shows that jinn will be punished too.

“O ye assembly of Jinn and men! Came there not unto you messengers from amongst you, setting forth unto you My signs, and warning you of the meeting of this Day of yours?” (al-Anam, 6/130)

It is stated in the verse above that jinn will be questioned due to the messengers that came to them.

After Hz. Adam, the messengers of jinn are the messengers of the messengers who are human beings. That is the view of the majority of the scholars. Accordingly, there should be messengers of jinn before Hz. Adam.

For, as it is clearly stated in the following verse, there is no responsibility without any messengers being sent.

"…Nor would We visit with Our Wrath until We had sent an messenger (to give warning)." (al-Isra, 17/15)

It is stated in the Quran and some hadiths that the Prophet (pbuh) saw jinn, recited them the Quran and talked to them. [Bukhari, Salah 75, Amal fis-Salah 10, Bad'ul-Khalq 11, Anbiya 40, Tafsir, Sad; Muslim, Masajid 39, (541)]

"Behold, We turned towards thee a company of Jinn (quietly) listening to the Qur´an: when they stood in the presence thereof, they said, "Listen in silence!" When the (reading) was finished, they returned to their people, to warn (them of their sins). They said, ‘O our people! We have heard a Book revealed after Moses, confirming what came before it: it guides (men) to the Truth and to a Straight Path. O our people! Hearken to the one who invites (you) to Allah, and believe in him: He will forgive you your faults, and deliver you from a Penalty Grievous.'" (al-Ahqaf, 46/29-31; see Jinn, 72/1-15)

It is stated in the verses that some jinn obeyed and followed the Prophet (pbuh) and asked the other jinn to follow him too.

The statement that "man can see jinn but jinn cannot see man" is not true. The opposite is true. That is to say, the statement “man cannot see jinn but jinn can see man” is true.

The fact is underlined in the following verse: “O Children of Adam! Do not let Satan tempt you, like he expelled your parents from paradise, stripping them of their garments to expose to them their nakedness. Indeed he sees you—he and his hosts—whence you do not see them. We have indeed made the devils friends of those who have no faith.” (Surah al-A’raf, 7/27)

It should not be forgotten that the verse confirms that Satan is also from jinn.

- Yes, jinn can haunt worshippers. Unbelieving jinn haunt them. On the other hand, believing jinn love them.

Our duty is to put our trust in Allah after taking all the necessary precautions  to protect ourselves from the harm of all kinds of visible-invisible, known-unknown, human-jinni beings.

- Since Iblis was with the angels, they were all given this order. Although Iblis was originally a jinni, he elevated his position through worship and submission, became one of the angels, and lost this position forever due to his rebellion.

- Allah did not create the mechanism of the soul, which commands evil and leads to rebellion, in angels, who are among the sentient beings with life in the program He made with His eternal knowledge, as foreseen by His wisdom. On the other hand, He created both mind and soul in humans and jinn. He gave them free will so that the test would take place with justice.

- What will determine the fate of these two groups (jinn and humans), who are subjected to the test, is their choice.

Therefore, they were ordered to bow down for the first time to the Prophet Adam as a kind of respect and welcome so that the relationship between the jinn and humans would be revealed and it would be determined whether they would act under the leadership of the soul or the intellect. The angels, who had no souls and no inclination towards rebellion, were also asked this question though they were not subjected to the test.

- What matters here is to use the free will, to realize the difference between good and evil, and to show that following the desires and whims of the soul that lead to evil leads to failure.

1. There is no such thing as the magnification of Satan in this incident. 

2. No information taken about any other jinn related to being promoted to a higher rank is in question.

3. Satan was not promoted to any rank before his death.

“Allah said: “Then get thee out from here; for thou art rejected, accursed. And the curse shall be on thee till the day of Judgment.” (al-Hijr, 34-35)

“Allah said: “Respite is granted thee Till the Day of the Time appointed.” (al-Hijr, 15/37-38)

It is clearly pointed out in the verses of the Quran above that Iblis, who did not prostrate to Adam, will not die until the Day of Resurrection, and that he was expelled from Allah’s mercy.

Therefore, the information in the details of this question is not correct.

This phenomenon is called a nightmare or a hairy creature. This phenomenon is real. However, there is nothing dangerous about it. It is the appearance of some jinn in different forms to some people who are magnetically sensitive. Jinn can communicate with people who have a sensitive body and magnetic properties. In the same place, only one person might notice them and others might not understand. It means that you have a magnetic condition. There is nothing dangerous.

Our recommendations for issues like this are as follows:

1. Making wudu, performing a two-rak’ah prayer and going to bed with wudu.

2. Going to sleep after saying Subhanallah 33 times, Alhamdulillah 33 times and Allahu Akbar 34 times.

3. Reading Ayatul-Kursiyy seven times and blowing on the right, left, back, front, bottom and top and going to sleep without blowing after the seventh.

4. Reading the chapters of al-Fatiha, an-Nas, al-Falaq and al-Ikhlas.

5. Reading the Jawshan prayer and keeping the Jawshan prayer on your body.

It is religiously permissible to pray for protection from things such as fear, and to write and carry things such as verses and hadiths on you. Abdullah bin Umar narrates the following from the Prophet (pbuh):

“If one of you becomes frightened during sleep, let him say, ‘I seek refuge in Allah’s perfect words from His anger, His punishment, and the evil of His creatures, from the whisperings of the devils, and that they should come.’ Then, nothing shall harm him.”

Abdullah bin Amr taught it to those of his children who attained maturity, and he wrote it on a sheet and then hang it around the neck those who did not attain maturity. (Tirmidhi, Daawat, 94)
However, it is absolutely forbidden to be engaged with the people who exploit these things and turn them into a profession by working together with gullible women.

It is written in our hadith books that when the Prophet (pbuh) read the chapters or verses such as Ayatul-Kursiyy, al-Falaq, an-Nas, and al-Fatiha, he would blow on his right, left, front, back, hands and on anyone who was sick. The reason for this is that just as people take material measures to protect themselves from material diseases, they should also take such measures to protect themselves from spiritual and harmful things. Allah, who created us, shows us through our Prophet (pbuh) one of the ways to protect ourselves.

We present one of the hadiths that explains the issue with its interpretation:

Aisha (radiyallahu anha) narrates:

“When the Prophet (pbuh) went to bed, he would blow on his hands and read the Muawwidhatayn (chapters of al-Falaq and an-Nas) and Qul Huwallahu Ahad, then wipe his hands over his face and body, repeating it three times. When he was ill, he would order me to do the same to him.” (Bukhari, Fadailul-Quran, 14, Tibb, 39; Da’awat 12; Muslim, Salam 50, (2192); Muwatta, Ayn 15, (2942); Tirmidhi, Da’awat 21, (3399); Abu Dawud, Tibb 19, (3902)]

INTERPRETATION:

1. It is reported in reliable narrations that the Prophet (peace be upon him) recited the Quran for healing during his illness. In fact, it is stated in the verses that the Quran is a material and spiritual healing for believers:

“We send down (stage by stage) in the Qur’an that which is a healing and a mercy to those who believe: to the unjust it causes nothing but loss after loss.” (al-Isra, 17/82). 

“O mankind! There hath come to you a direction from your Lord and a healing for the (diseases) in your hearts,- and for those who believe, a guidance and a Mercy.” (Yunus, 10/57)

2.  Ibn Hajar quotes different versions of the narration in order to give information about the nature of the “breath” that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) blew on his body. He would first cup his hands together, blow on his hands, then recite, and then blow on his hands while reciting. Ibn Hajar states that this blowing could be without saliva or with a little saliva. The chapters of al-Falaq, an-Nas and al-Ikhlas were recited for this purpose.

The wiping was done with the thought of blessings. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would first wipe his head and face with his hands, and then wipe his whole body as far as he could reach. Aisha (ra) states the following:

“When the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) caught disease that caused his death, I would recite and blow on him and wipe his body with his own hands because his hands were far superior to mine in terms of blessings.”

In another narration, it is stated that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) came round while Aisha (ra) was wiping and praying for healing and he said: “No, I am no longer asking for healing; I am asking Allah for Rafiq al-A’la (the Loftiest Friend).”

3. Some narrations explain that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) treated his family members by reciting from the Quran and by breathing. The Companions and Tabi’un also used the same method of treatment. Scholars unanimously agree that it is permissible.

4. Nawawi defines breath as “a light blowing without saliva” and states that it is mustahabb in ruqyah and that scholars unanimously agree that it is permissible. When Aisha (ra) was asked about the breath that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used in ruqyah, she answered as follows: “His breath was like the breath of the one who eats raisins; there was absolutely no saliva in it.” (see Nawawi, Sharhu Muslim, 14/183) It is stated that unintentional moisture that comes out with the breath is not considered saliva.

As it is understood from the statements above, it is permissible to carry amulets. However, it is better for a person who knows the prayers to recite them himself. Besides, there is no technique for reciting prayers; anyone can recite them. It is sunnah to blow to our right and left while reciting Ayatul-Kursiyy. However, there is no specific form or order for it.

References:

1. Prof. Dr. İbrahim Canan, Kütüb-i Sitte Muhtasarı, VII, 50, 51, Akçağ Basım Yayın, Ankara, 1988;
2. Halil Günenç, Günümüz meselelerine Fetvalar, II, 258, Yasin Yayınevi.