Can you give an example of a practice in four Madhabs which can be like water explained below in the description?

A liquid (water) is given 5 different judgments based on 5 different patients. For instance, it is medicine for the disease of a person. Then, it becomes obligatory (wajib) for him medically. It is harmful like a poison for another. It is forbidden (haram) for him medically. It is a little harmful for another. It is makrooh (abominable) for him medically. It is useful for another. It is sunnah for him medically. It is neither harmful nor useful for another. It is mubah (permissible). 5 of them are true depending on the patients. One cannot say it is only wajib.

Dear Brother / Sister,

The true madhhabs should look at one another in the form of "Musawwiba".

Regarding the views put forward about an issue, some scholars say that only one of those views is true and that there cannot be more than one truth. However, there are also some scholars who say that there can be more than one truth. 

The scholars who accept that there can be more than one true view about an issue are called "the people of Musawwiba", and the view put forward by those scholars is called "the way of Musawwiba ".

According to those who support the way of Musawwiba, all mujtahids are right and all madhhabs are true. The views and fatwas of mujtahid scholars are in accordance with the consent of Allah even if they are contrary to one another. 

According to those who support that there is only one true view, only one of the mujtahids who have different ijtihads regarding an issue is right and the others are wrong. They gain rewards since they have made ijtihad but their views are not true. Only one of the views regarding an issue is in accordance with the consent of Allah, the others are not. Therefore, they are wrong.

The view claiming that there is only one true view and that the others are wrong is called "the way of Mukhattia". Displaying this way and approach is called "takhtia". Badiuzzaman Said Nursi states in his work called Sünuhat that the people of Mukhatiia say, "My madhhab is true; there is a possibility of being wrong. Other madhhabs are wrong; there is a possibility that they may be true."

Badiuzzaman Said Nursi , who adopts the way of "Musawwiba" and expresses this view in some of his books states that those who hold the view of "takhtia" might lead the majority of the people who do not have sufficient religious knowledge to wrong ways. He states that these people cannot discriminate between the interpretations about the basic conditions of the religion in the views of those who have a takhtia approach and their views about ijtihad; therefore, they can generalize the takhtia approach by mistake or due to delusions; such a practice will cause great dangers.   He describes takhtia approach as an illness originating from fondness of one's self. The indication of this illness is "the monopolistic mentality", that is, the approach, "this is the only truth".  He states that the people of takhtia are responsible for the occurrence of such a negative state and that they cannot see the all-encompassing and inclusive properties of the Quran and the fact that the Quran addresses all layers of the community.

For instance, in the Near East culture, eating insects is normal but it is disgusting in our culture. Which one can we say is true and which one is wrong? They are true in their own cultures.

Therefore, it is permissible to eat insects in Maliki madhhab but it is not permissible in Hanafi madhhab. Is it not more appropriate and better to say both (Hanafi and Maliki) of the decrees are right instead of saying one of them is wrong but it might be true and the other is right but it might be wrong?    

The musawwiba approach disallows bigotry based on madhhabs by saying, "the decrees of all true madhhabs are true and right in terms of their own positions and conditions."

Regarding the issue of wiping (mash) the head while making wudu, according to Hanafis, it is enough to wipe one-fourth of the head, according to Shafiis, it is enough to wipe the head with one finger but according to Malikis, it is necessary to wipe the whole head. For the Muslims who live in the poles, the appropriate one is the fatwa of Shafiis; for the Muslims who live in Africa, the appropriate one is the fatwa of Malikis and for the Muslims who live in mild climates, the appropriate one is the fatwa of Hanafis.     

In this case, there is not only one truth but three. The view of all three madhabs seems to be right based on the geographical conditions. Then, the true views may be more than one regarding the details of the religion. Therefore, the Prophet (pbuh) said, "Difference of opinion in my ummah, that is having different madhhabs, is mercy." (see Kashfu'l-Khafa,1/64)

Another determination of Nursi about the approach of takhtia is that this approach is the origin of the feeling of having bad thoughts about others and partiality. An approach in the form of regarding all of the views and thoughts of others as wrong will eliminate the unity and fraternity in the community. It destroys solidarity, unity of hearts, mutual love and respect. There is a very essential and important duty: to have good thoughts about others, to love and to form unity.

Questions on Islam