Will you explain the formation process of the baby narrated in the chapter of al-Mu'minun?

Dear Brother / Sister,

"Man We did create from a quintessence (of clay); Then We placed him as (a drop of) sperm in a place of rest, firmly fixed; Then We made the sperm into a clot of congealed blood; then of that clot We made a (foetus) lump; then we made out of that lump bones and clothed the bones with flesh; then we developed out of it another creature. So blessed be Allah, the best to create!" (al-Mu'minun, 23/12-14)

The word "sulala" in verse 12 translated as "a quintessence (of clay)" lexically means "something removed from another thing"; it is understood that it is used for the organic and inorganic substances and food that exist in soil and are useful for the formation of the human body. For, the formation of the elements that ensure reproduction in the man and woman (sperm and egg) depends on nutrition. In that case, the origin of not only the first man but all people is soil. 

After the sperm of the man inseminates the egg in the uterus duct of the woman, this first substance of man enters the uterus, which is described as "firmly fixed" place in the verse. The inseminated cell (zygote) is meant by the word nutfah (sperm) in that stage. It can be observed through the electron microscope today that some extensions from this cell cling to the endometrium of the uterus and remain like that for one or two days. 

This clinging state of the cell on the wall of the uterus is called alaqa (congealed blood) -in accordance with its lexical meaning. The embryo, which continues its development in the uterus, is first transformed into a shapeless piece similar to flesh – which is called mudghah in the verse –  and bones form in the course of time; the bones are covered with muscle, veins and nerves and then with flesh; thus, the formation of the human body is completed.

In the verses above, the biological creation and formation of every human being beginning from the stage of food taken from the plants growing in soil and hence soil to its being covered in bones and flesh in the uterus and having a full body is summarized. Thus, on the one hand, man is simple soil in terms of the origin of his body but on the other hand, he is a being with a metaphysical aspect thanks to the faculties like senses and mind that Allah has bestowed upon him.

Man, who is regarded as the most developed living being both biologically and psychologically, is the greatest work of Allah in the world as far as we know; therefore, after the sentences that summarize the creation stages of man, the sublime creator virtually boasts of His most beautiful work by saying, "So blessed be Allah, the best to create". This is an expression of the great value the Quran gives to man. (Kur’an Yolu Tefsiri: IV/52-53)

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